使用 Go 编码/CSV 引用字符串的奇怪 CSV 结果

在此代码片段中，目标是将数据写入 CSV 文件，确保引用的字符串在数据已正确转义。但是，生成的 CSV 包含额外的引号，导致不一致。

package main

import (
    "encoding/csv"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    f, err := os.Create("test.csv")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer f.Close()

    w := csv.NewWriter(f)
    record := []string{"Unquoted string", "Cr@zy text with , and \\ and \" etc"}
    w.Write(record)

    record = []string{"Quoted string", fmt.Sprintf("%q", "Cr@zy text with , and \\ and \" etc")}
    w.Write(record)

    w.Flush()
}

带引号的字符串的预期输出为：

[Unquoted string Cr@zy text with , and \ and " etc]
[Quoted string "Cr@zy text with , and \\ and \" etc"]

但是，实际输出包含额外的引号：

Unquoted string,"Cr@zy text with , and \ and "" etc"
Quoted string,"""Cr@zy text with , and \\ and \"" etc"""

理解额外引号

带引号的字符串是遵循 CSV 标准的结果，该标准要求将双引号转义为两个双引号。这是区分数据中实际双引号和用于记录分隔的双引号所必需的。

解决方案

代码不需要担心转义双引号，因为CSV 阅读器会自动对它们进行转义。因此解决办法就是在写带引号的字符串时去掉多余的双引号。

修改代码

for _, record := range [][]string{
    {"Unquoted string", "Cr@zy text with , and \\ and \" etc"},
    {"Quoted string", "Cr@zy text with , and \\ and \" etc"},
} {
    record[1] = fmt.Sprintf("%q", record[1][1:len(record[1])-1])
    w.Write(record)
}

更新输出

Unquoted string,Cr@zy text with , and \ and " etc
Quoted string,"Cr@zy text with , and \\ and \" etc"

通过此更改，带引号的字符串现在已正确转义，并且删除了多余的引号。